![]() Kaoru Ishikawa invented the tool for managing product quality issues and root cause investigation in the manufacturing industry. Kaoru Ishikawa pioneered quality management processes at the Kawasaki shipyards, where he was employed and is today seen as one of the founding fathers of modern management. The methodology was introduced in the 1940s but first popularised in the 1960s. ![]() Due to the diagram’s visual appearance, the tool is also known as the fishbone diagram, but it is also referred to as the cause-and-effect diagram. He was an expert in quality management and highly respected for his innovations, which includes the Ishikawa Diagram. Professor Kaoru Ishikawa was an organisational theorist and was employed at the engineering faculty of the University of Tokyo. Lastly, the article will present possible limitations of the tool. Moreover, the article will discuss and explore the application of the Ishikawa Diagram in conjunction with other project management tools. The purpose of this article is to present the Ishikawa Diagram and its historical context and give hands-on guidance on how to apply the tool to manage risk- and quality problems in projects. The intention is to solve problems at their root rather than at a more superficial level, to prevent the problems from reoccurring. The systematic breakdown of the problem can make the greatest causes and effects more evident, and thus allow for an effective problem-solving process. The Ishikawa Diagram provides a structured approach to finding root causes to given problem´s and breaking down the contributing factors systematically into smaller elements. The tool can both be applied in the pre-project activities to identify potential risks associated with a new project, during the project process, and in the post-project activities for evaluation and improvements of future projects. The Ishikawa Diagram is a tool that can help in identifying and analysing why a problem occurred, what happened, how it can be fixed as well as how to prevent it from happening again. It is therefore of great importance to monitor projects throughout their lifetime, to identify risks and quality issues, as they can have a significant influence on the desired objective of the project. ![]() Managing projects can be difficult, and projects will oftentimes run into problems no matter how well-planned they are. 3.3 The Ishikawa Diagram in Conjunction with Other Project Management Tools.3.2.1 The Major Factors: 5 M’s, 4 S’s, and 8 P’s.
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